July1

It was a Sunday evening, was raining heavily, I was feeling too lazy to do anything and that moment I got the idea of catching up a good classic title. So then I was lucky enough to finally watch the Indian epic movie Mughal-E-Azam; reminiscent of the older style of Indian cinema which took almost nine years for its completion. But today the covert of movie-making is far less strenuous and due to the various technologies, it’s possible to make a movie almost 10 times faster then earlier. So everyone reading this article put everything aside and gear up for this one because I am going to explore the world behind the making of magnificent sets of jodha akbar, the transition of technology from dubbing to sync-sound, the gen-x technology used for making of robots, the mechanics behind the great adrenaline pumping action scenes, I am in short going to brief you up with the aspects of movie making.
Movie-making today postulates combination of many steps and various synchronous processes. It comprises mainly of three steps
1) Development
2) Pre-production
3) Production
4) Post-production
Development:
The producer of the movie will find a story, which may come from books, plays, other films, true stories, original ideas, etc. Once the theme, or underlying message, has been identified, a synopsis will be prepared. Then it is followed by screenplay writing which id the soul for starting any movie. Screen-play is completely different from story writing because it involves aspects like how a particular scene will be shot, what way the actor is going to walk and in what fashion is he going to deliver the dialogues. They are actually a written form of what is going to be shot during production segment.
Pre-Production:
In this stage the technical team (read director, asst. director, cameraman or the director of photography (DOP), the music director, etc.), the budget, the locations and most significantly the suitable cast for the film. In this stage, the screenplay is again revised keeping in mind the cast and crew of the movie. And then the platform is set to start production part.
Production:
The director here plays the most important part because he is the one who puts everything onto screen that was just on paper till then. It is mainly about shooting the raw part of whole film or footage incase of a documentary, which is very sweetly slaughtered by at the editors table in the later stage. The movie many a times undergoes various changes in terms of story and technicalities. Considering the making of songs and shooting videos for it, no longer the musicians have to run behind actor and actress of movie and play the instruments, which used to happen earlier. Thanks to the high end technology of recording songs before hand in state-of-art recording studio with the team of sound engineers and musicians which create a great symphony appealing to the masses and classes.
Today dubbing is replaced with sync sound technology which helps to record dialogues live during the scenes, hence making the scene excellent. Sync sound (synchronized sound recording) refers to sound recorded at the time of the filming of movies, and has been widely used in movies since the birth of sound movies. The first animated film in which sync sound was used is Walt Disney’s Steamboat Willie. Now considering the making of movies which put in a lot of special effects the first thing that comes to my mind is the 1968’s 2001: A Space Odyssey, directed by Stanley Kubrick, who assembled his own effects team (Douglas Trumbull, Tom Howard, Con Pedersen and Wally Veevers) rather than use an in-house effects unit. In this film, the spaceship miniatures were highly detailed and carefully photographed for a realistic depth of field. The shots of spaceships were combined through hand-drawn rotoscopes and careful motion-control work, ensuring that the elements were precisely combined in the camera– a surprising throwback to the silent era, but with spectacular results. Backgrounds of the African vistas in the “Dawn of Man” sequence were combined with soundstage photography via the then-new front projection technique. Scenes set in zero-gravity environments were staged with hidden wires, mirror shots, and large-scale rotating sets. The finale, a voyage through hallucinogenic scenery, was created by Douglas Trumbull using a new technique termed slit-scan. Even today, the effects scenes remain impressive, realistic, and awe-inspiring. When it comes to knowing what exactly it takes to make a movie with great special effects we definitely conceive George Lucas’s Star Wars ushered in an era of fantasy films with expensive and impressive special-effects.
Now to support the above thing lets exactly get an insight on special effects. Special effects are traditionally divided into the categories of optical effects and mechanical effects. With the emergence of digital film-making tools a greater distinction between special effects and visual effects has been recognized, with “visual effects” referring to digital post-production and “special effects” referring to on-set mechanical effects and in-camera optical effects.
Optical effects (also called photographic effects), are techniques in which images or film frames are created photographically, either “in-camera” using multiple exposure, mattes, or the Schüfftan process, or in post-production processes using an optical printer. An optical effect might be used to place actors or sets against a different background.
Mechanical effects (also called practical or physical effects), are usually accomplished during the live-action shooting. This includes the use of mechanized props, scenery, scale models, pyrotechnics and Atmospheric Effects: creating physical wind, rain, fog, snow, clouds etc. Making a car appear to drive by itself, or blowing up a building are examples of mechanical effects. Mechanical effects are often incorporated into set design and makeup. For example, a set may be built with break-away doors or walls, or prosthetic makeup can be used to make an actor look like a monster. So now you don’t have to get amused if you find HULK growing up more by ten feet and 200 pounds in its next sequel.
Anyways our bollywood has also entered this race of making movies with SFX and has proven successful too. Because turning Mumbai into sanghai might practically not be possible but a movie like love story 2050 definitely shows this with an ease with the help of sfx. Also adding to your surprise a very special mention about a movie which paved its way in golden words in the history of Indian cinema and that’s Lagaan - a lavish epic, a gorgeous love story, and a rollicking adventure yarn. Larger than life and outrageously enjoyable, it’s got a dash of spaghetti western, a hint of Kurosawa, with a bracing shot of Kipling. The special camera work used in this movie comes to light when we come to know the very fact that many of the characters in this movie didn’t know how to drive a shot using cricket bat, still they looked so convincing on screen as if they are genuinely trained for the same. In this case the camera angles works wonders for the director’s vision.
Also Lagaan is very special because of its cinematography, which is different from normal shooting of film. Lagaan was a movie completely shot in sepia mode to give an authentic look, keeping in mind the era in which the story was based on. The mechanism behind this is the art of cinematography, which is responsible for the technical aspects of the images (lighting, lens choices, composition, exposure, filtration, film selection), but works closely with the director to ensure that the artistic aesthetics are supporting the director’s vision of the story being told. The cinematographers are the heads of the camera, grip and lighting crew on a set, and for this reason they are often called directors of photography or DPs.
Post-Production:
This includes mainly editing, background music score and sound designing.
Talking about film editing, it is an art of storytelling practiced by connecting two or more shots together to form a sequence, and the subsequent connecting of sequences to form an entire movie. Because almost every motion picture is shot with one camera per take, every single shot is separated from every other single shot by time and space. On its most fundamental level, film editing is the art, technique, and practice of assembling these shots into a coherent whole. However, the job of an editor isn’t merely to mechanically put pieces of a film together, nor is it to just cut off the film slates, nor is it merely to edit dialogue scenes. A film editor works with the layers of images, the story, the music, the rhythm, the pace, shapes the actors’ performances, “re-directing” and often re-writing the film during the editing process, honing the infinite possibilities of the juxtaposition of small snippets of film into a creative, coherent, cohesive whole. Film editing plays a pivotal role in making of short films because in that case many things are to be covered within small amount of time.
Now sound designing is relatively a newer venture for bollywood films mainly because of the stipulated budget under which the films are made. However it mainly involves recording all the sounds in the movie which people don’t tend to notice but absence of it would be noticeable, they mainly include chirping of birds, crackling noise of footsteps changing continuously with the distance and many such detailed sounds. It’s a part of pre-production because recording such sounds while shooting a particular scene is practically impossible with the latest technology.
So friends this was all about movie making and the wonders created by it. I hope the next time you watch tom cruise fighting with aliens, rajnikanth crusading with ten people single handedly, superman and batman flying in the air, you would be able to guess which technology is used. So this takes your cinema experience far more then just watching superheroes flying and you munching popcorn on your seats.
-Dhairya